I don't know why the image is missing. But having an empty image should not prevent you from selling it.
Whenever I try to put it in the market, it won't let me input the number of copies or the price. None of the options on the page are responsive either. It works for every other gift, just not the MGSV ones.
Usually Ctrl+F5 would do in these cases. We are concerned about why our system cannot fetch the image of some items, hopefully we can get rid of the problem sooner or later.
I tried refreshing the page and it wouldn't work either. I can't test it out anymore because I ended up putting it up for trade instead of selling it on the market.
Either way, thanks for all the help!